DOPPLER ULTRASOUND PREGNANCY FOR NCLEX TRIAL

Findings for serious problems in the neonate were not consistent in different studies. There was no clear difference in the number of stillbirths, births using forceps or ventouse, or babies with a low Apgar score five minutes after birth. Results showed that Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery may decrease the number of babies who die, and may lead to fewer caesarean sections and inductions of labour.

DOPPLER ULTRASOUND PREGNANCY FOR NCLEX TRIAL

One more recent trial compared Doppler examination of other fetal blood vessels (ductus venosus) with computerised CTG (short‐term variation).Įvidence from included studies was assessed as moderate to very low‐quality due to incomplete reporting of methods and uncertainty of findings when the strength of the evidence is low or very low, this means future research may change the results and we cannot be certain about them. Eighteen of these studies compared the use of Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery of the unborn baby with no Doppler or with cardiotocography (CTG, sometimes called electronic fetal monitoring). We found 19 trials involving over 10,000 women. However, using Doppler ultrasound could increase interventions such as caesarean section. If babies with growth problems are identified, interventions such as early delivery might help to prevent serious illness and death. These changes may identify babies who have problems. Doppler ultrasound detects changes in the pattern of blood flow through the baby's circulation. Babies with poor growth are more likely to have complications, resulting in babies being ill or dying. Also, sometimes babies do not grow well for reasons we do not fully understand. However, when the mother has a medical problem such as diabetes, high blood pressure, heart or kidney problems, or the placenta does not develop properly, this may affect the growth of the baby. Most babies in high‐income countries grow well in the womb. However, there was an improvement in long‐term neurological outcome in the cohort of babies in whom the trigger for delivery was either late changes in ductus venosus or abnormalities seen on computerised CTG.ĭoppler ultrasound of fetal vessels in pregnancies at increased risk of complications

The use of Doppler to evaluate early and late changes in ductus venosus in early fetal growth restriction was not associated with significant differences in any perinatal death after randomisation. Data for serious neonatal morbidity were not pooled due to high heterogeneity between the three studies that reported it (1098 babies) (evidence graded very low). No difference was found in operative vaginal births (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.14, four studies, 2813 women), nor in Apgar scores less than seven at five minutes (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.24, seven studies, 6321 babies, evidence graded low). There was no comparative long‐term follow‐up of babies exposed to Doppler ultrasound in pregnancy in women at increased risk of complications. Where Doppler ultrasound was used, there were fewer inductions of labour (average RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.99, 10 studies, 5633 women, random‐effects, evidence graded moderate ) and fewer caesarean sections (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.97, 14 studies, 7918 women, evidence graded moderate). The results for stillbirths were consistent with the overall rate of perinatal deaths, although there was no clear difference between groups for this outcome (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.04 15 studies, 9560 babies, evidence graded low). The use of Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery in high‐risk pregnancy was associated with fewer perinatal deaths (risk ratio (RR) 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52 to 0.98, 16 studies, 10,225 babies, 1.2% versus 1.7 %, number needed to treat (NNT) = 203 95% CI 103 to 4352, evidence graded moderate). One more recent trial compared Doppler examination of other fetal blood vessels (ductus venosus) with computerised CTG. Eighteen of these studies compared the use of Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery of the unborn baby with no Doppler or with cardiotocography (CTG). The quality of evidence was downgraded due to missing information on trial methods, imprecision in risk estimates and heterogeneity. None of the evidence relating to our main outcomes was graded as high quality.

Risk of bias in trials was difficult to assess accurately due to incomplete reporting.

Nineteen trials involving 10,667 women were included.

Doppler ultrasound pregnancy for nclex